Other Information:

• Shallow water and ephemeral wetland wetlands are present in ponds behind an old dam on the western side of the site. The dam holds shallow water and its fluctuating level gives the margins of the wetland an ephemeral wetland character. ⁸⁹
  
  
• Several indigenous aquatic plant species can observed in the shallow water of the dam, including Myriophyllum propinquum, Ruppia spp., pondweed (Potamogeton cheesemanii), and the exotic duck weed (Lemna minor). Limosella lineata and sharp spike sedge (Eleocharis acuta) are present in mud on the pond margins. ⁸⁹
  
  
• At the north-eastern end of the site, springs are vegetated in raised and very wet mounds of Schoenus pauciflorus and the sedges rautahi and Carex diandra (Plate 6) Other species at lower abundance include soft rush, jointed rush, Yorkshire fog (Holcus lanatus), musk (Mimulus moschata), and patches of Marchantia liverworts. ⁸⁹
  
  
• Smaller examples of spring-fed wetlands occur further south within the site, and are notable for the presence of Epilobium chionanthum, rautahi, Carex spp. (probably C. buchananii and a smaller, unidentified species), and jointed rush. These spring-fed mounds can probably be classed as marshes, but if the springs provide a more or less permanent flow, would be better described as seepages. ⁸⁹
  
  
• On the margins of the larger spring-fed wetland in the north of the site, marsh wetlands dominated by soft rush, rautahi, sharp spike sedge, and jointed rush. A wide range of other species is also present, including the indigenous species Ranunculus glabrifolius, Carex diandra, C. sinclairii, Epilobium komarovianum, and Prasophyllum colensoi, while frequent exotic species were white clover (Trifolium repens), Yorkshire fog (Holcus lanatus), catsear, and mouse ear chickweed (Cerastium fontanum). Nearby marsh vegetation on the margins of the Hawkdun water race have abundant rautahi, scattered Schoenus pauciflorus, and a range of other indigenous species including hard rush (Juncus edgariae), Ranunculus foliosus, Carex sinclairii, Carex sp., Ranunculus glabrifolius, and Hydrocotyle novae-zelandiae. ⁸⁹
  
  
• Swamp vegetation is present in shallow gullies on the north-western margin of the site. The composition of these swamps varies within the same gully, with some areas dominated by Carex diandra and jointed rush, others by Carex secta, soft rush, rautahi, Festuca rubra, and floating sweetgrass, and other sections by groves of crack willow above floating sweetgrass. ⁸⁹
  
  
• A few plants of speargrass (Aciphylla subflabellata) can be seen at two locations within the site, but not in wetland habitats. This species has a national threat classification of At Risk - Declining. ⁸⁹